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.. _3.1.9_c_pi5:

3.1.9 Alarm Bell
========================

Introduction
-------------

In this project, we will make a manual alarm device. You can replace the
toggle switch with a thermistor or a photosensitive sensor to make a
temperature alarm or a light alarm.

Required Components
------------------------------

In this project, we need the following components.

.. image:: ../img/list_Alarm_Bell.png
    :align: center

It's definitely convenient to buy a whole kit, here's the link: 

.. list-table::
    :widths: 20 20 20
    :header-rows: 1

    *   - Name	
        - ITEMS IN THIS KIT
        - LINK
    *   - Raphael Kit
        - 337
        - |link_Raphael_kit|

You can also buy them separately from the links below.

.. list-table::
    :widths: 30 20
    :header-rows: 1

    *   - COMPONENT INTRODUCTION
        - PURCHASE LINK

    *   - :ref:`cpn_gpio_extension_board`
        - |link_gpio_board_buy|
    *   - :ref:`cpn_breadboard`
        - |link_breadboard_buy|
    *   - :ref:`cpn_wires`
        - |link_wires_buy|
    *   - :ref:`cpn_resistor`
        - |link_resistor_buy|
    *   - :ref:`cpn_led`
        - |link_led_buy|
    *   - :ref:`cpn_buzzer`
        - |link_passive_buzzer_buy|
    *   - :ref:`cpn_slide_switch`
        - |link_slide_switch_buy|
    *   - :ref:`cpn_transistor`
        - |link_transistor_buy|
    *   - :ref:`cpn_capacitor`
        - |link_capacitor_buy|

Schematic Diagram
-------------------

============ ======== ======== ===
T-Board Name physical wiringPi BCM
GPIO17       Pin 11   0        17
GPIO18       Pin 12   1        18
GPIO27       Pin 13   2        27
GPIO22       Pin 15   3        22
============ ======== ======== ===

.. image:: ../img/Schematic_three_one10.png
   :align: center

Experimental Procedures
-----------------------------

**Step 1**: Build the circuit.

.. image:: ../img/image266.png

**Step 2**: Change directory.

.. raw:: html

   <run></run>

.. code-block:: 

    cd ~/raphael-kit/c/3.1.9/

**Step 3**: Compile.

.. raw:: html

   <run></run>

.. code-block::

    gcc 3.1.9_AlarmBell.c -lwiringPi -lpthread

**Step 4**: Run.

.. raw:: html

   <run></run>

.. code-block::

    sudo ./a.out

After the program starts, put the slide switch to the right, and the buzzer will give out alarm sounds. At the same time, the red and green LEDs will flash at a certain frequency.

.. note::

    If it does not work after running, or there is an error prompt: \"wiringPi.h: No such file or directory\", please refer to :ref:`install_wiringpi`.


**Code Explanation**

.. code-block:: c

    #include <pthread.h>

In this code, you'll use a new library, ``pthread.h``, which is a set of common thread libraries and can realize multithreading. We add the ``-lpthread`` parameter at compile time for the independent working of the LED and the buzzer.

.. code-block:: c

    void *ledWork(void *arg){       
        while(1)    
        {   
            if(flag==0){
                pthread_exit(NULL);
            }
            digitalWrite(ALedPin,HIGH);
            delay(500);
            digitalWrite(ALedPin,LOW);
            digitalWrite(BLedPin,HIGH);
            delay(500);
            digitalWrite(BLedPin,LOW);
        }
    }

The function ``ledWork()`` helps to set the working state of these 2 LEDs:
it keeps the green LED lighting up for 0.5s and then turns off;
similarly, keeps the red LED lighting up for 0.5s and then turns off.

.. code-block:: c

    void *buzzWork(void *arg){
        while(1)
        {
            if(flag==0){
                pthread_exit(NULL);
            }
            if((note>=800)||(note<=130)){
                pitch = -pitch;
            }
            note=note+pitch;
            softToneWrite(BeepPin,note);
            delay(10);
        }
    }

The function ``buzzWork()`` is used to set the working state of the buzzer.
Here we set the frequency as between 130 and 800, to accumulate or decay
at an interval of 20.

.. code-block:: c

    void on(){
        flag = 1;
        if(softToneCreate(BeepPin) == -1){
            printf("setup softTone failed !");
            return; 
        }    
        pthread_t tLed;     
        pthread_create(&tLed,NULL,ledWork,NULL);    
        pthread_t tBuzz;  
        pthread_create(&tBuzz,NULL,buzzWork,NULL);      
    }

In the function on():

1) Define the mark ``flag=1``, indicating the ending of the control
   thread.

2) Create a software-controlled tone pin ``BeepPin``.

3) Create two separate threads so that the LED and the buzzer can work
   at the same time.

* ``pthread_t tLed``: Declare a thread ``tLed``.
* ``pthread_create(&tLed,NULL,ledWork,NULL)``: Create the thread and its prototype is as follows:

.. code-block:: 

    int pthread_create(pthread_t *restrict tidp,const pthread_attr_t*restrict_attr,void*（*start_rtn)(void*),void *restrict arg);

If successful, return 0 ；otherwise, return the fall number -1.

* The first parameter is a pointer to the thread identifier.
* The second one is used to set the thread attribute.
* The third one is the starting address of the thread running function.
* The last one is the one that runs the function.

.. code-block:: c

    void off(){
        flag = 0;
        softToneStop(BeepPin);
        digitalWrite(ALedPin,LOW);
        digitalWrite(BLedPin,LOW);
    }


The function ``Off()`` defines “flag=0” so as to exit the threads
**ledWork** and **BuzzWork** and then turn off the buzzer and the LED.

.. code-block:: c

    int main(){       
        setup(); 
        int lastState = 0;
        while(1){
            int currentState = digitalRead(switchPin);
            if ((currentState == 1)&&(lastState==0)){
                on();
            }
            else if((currentState == 0)&&(lastState==1)){
                off();
            }
            lastState=currentState;
        }
        return 0;
    }

Main() contains the whole process of the program: firstly read the value
of the slide switch; if the toggle switch is toggled to the right (the
reading is 1), the function ``on()`` is called, the buzzer is driven to emit
sounds and the the red and the green LEDs blink. Otherwise, the buzzer
and the LED don’t work.

Phenomenon Picture
------------------------

.. image:: ../img/image267.jpeg
   :align: center