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.. _4.1.18_py:


4.1.18 GAME - 10 Second
===================================

Introduction
-------------------

Next, follow me to make a game device to challenge your concentration.
Tie the tilt switch to a stick to make a magic wand. Shake the wand, the
4-digit segment display will start counting, shake again will let it
stop counting. If you succeed in keeping the displayed count at
**10.00**, then you win. You can play the game with your friends to see
who is the time wizard.

Required Components
------------------------------

In this project, we need the following components.

.. image:: ../img/list_GAME_10_Second.png
    :align: center

It's definitely convenient to buy a whole kit, here's the link: 

.. list-table::
    :widths: 20 20 20
    :header-rows: 1

    *   - Name	
        - ITEMS IN THIS KIT
        - LINK
    *   - Raphael Kit
        - 337
        - |link_Raphael_kit|

You can also buy them separately from the links below.

.. list-table::
    :widths: 30 20
    :header-rows: 1

    *   - COMPONENT INTRODUCTION
        - PURCHASE LINK

    *   - :ref:`cpn_gpio_extension_board`
        - |link_gpio_board_buy|
    *   - :ref:`cpn_breadboard`
        - |link_breadboard_buy|
    *   - :ref:`cpn_wires`
        - |link_wires_buy|
    *   - :ref:`cpn_resistor`
        - |link_resistor_buy|
    *   - :ref:`cpn_4_digit`
        - \-
    *   - :ref:`cpn_74hc595`
        - |link_74hc595_buy|
    *   - :ref:`cpn_tilt_switch`
        - \-

Schematic Diagram
------------------------

============ ======== ======== ===
T-Board Name physical wiringPi BCM
GPIO17       Pin 11   0        17
GPIO27       Pin 13   2        27
GPIO22       Pin 15   3        22
SPIMOSI      Pin 19   12       10
GPIO18       Pin 12   1        18
GPIO23       Pin 16   4        23
GPIO24       Pin 18   5        24
GPIO26       Pin 37   25       26
============ ======== ======== ===

.. image:: ../img/Schematic_three_one13.png
   :align: center

Experimental Procedures
---------------------------------

**Step 1**: Build the circuit.

.. image:: ../img/image277.png

**Step 2**: Go to the folder of the code.

.. raw:: html

   <run></run>

.. code-block::

    cd ~/raphael-kit/python/

**Step 3**: Run the executable file.

.. raw:: html

   <run></run>

.. code-block::

    sudo python3 4.1.18_GAME_10Second.py

Shake the wand, the 4-digit segment display will start counting, shake
again will let it stop counting. If you succeed in keeping the displayed
count at **10.00**, then you win. Shake it one more time to start the
next round of the game.

**Code**

.. note::
    You can **Modify/Reset/Copy/Run/Stop** the code below. But before that, you need to go to  source code path like ``raphael-kit/python``. After modifying the code, you can run it directly to see the effect.

.. raw:: html

    <run></run>

.. code-block:: python

    #!/usr/bin/env python3
    import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
    import time
    import threading

    sensorPin = 26

    SDI = 24
    RCLK = 23
    SRCLK = 18

    placePin = (10, 22, 27, 17)
    number = (0xc0, 0xf9, 0xa4, 0xb0, 0x99, 0x92, 0x82, 0xf8, 0x80, 0x90)

    counter = 0
    timer =0
    gameState =0

    def clearDisplay():
        for i in range(8):
            GPIO.output(SDI, 1)
            GPIO.output(SRCLK, GPIO.HIGH)
            GPIO.output(SRCLK, GPIO.LOW)
        GPIO.output(RCLK, GPIO.HIGH)
        GPIO.output(RCLK, GPIO.LOW)    

    def hc595_shift(data): 
        for i in range(8):
            GPIO.output(SDI, 0x80 & (data << i))
            GPIO.output(SRCLK, GPIO.HIGH)
            GPIO.output(SRCLK, GPIO.LOW)
        GPIO.output(RCLK, GPIO.HIGH)
        GPIO.output(RCLK, GPIO.LOW)

    def pickDigit(digit):
        for i in placePin:
            GPIO.output(i,GPIO.LOW)
        GPIO.output(placePin[digit], GPIO.HIGH)

    def display():
        global counter                    
        clearDisplay() 
        pickDigit(0)  
        hc595_shift(number[counter % 10])

        clearDisplay()
        pickDigit(1)
        hc595_shift(number[counter % 100//10])

        clearDisplay()
        pickDigit(2)
        hc595_shift(number[counter % 1000//100]-0x80)

        clearDisplay()
        pickDigit(3)
        hc595_shift(number[counter % 10000//1000])

    def stateChange():
        global gameState
        global counter
        global timer1
        if gameState == 0:
            counter = 0
            time.sleep(1)
            timer() 
        elif gameState ==1:
            timer1.cancel()
            time.sleep(1)
        gameState = (gameState+1)%2

    def loop():
        global counter
        currentState = 0
        lastState = 0
        while True:
            display()
            currentState=GPIO.input(sensorPin)
            if (currentState == 0) and (lastState == 1):
                stateChange()
            lastState=currentState

    def timer():  
        global counter
        global timer1
        timer1 = threading.Timer(0.01, timer) 
        timer1.start()  
        counter += 1

    def setup():
        GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
        GPIO.setup(SDI, GPIO.OUT)
        GPIO.setup(RCLK, GPIO.OUT)
        GPIO.setup(SRCLK, GPIO.OUT)
        for i in placePin:
            GPIO.setup(i, GPIO.OUT)
        GPIO.setup(sensorPin, GPIO.IN)

    def destroy():   # When "Ctrl+C" is pressed, the function is executed.
        GPIO.cleanup()
        global timer1
        timer1.cancel()

    if __name__ == '__main__':  # Program starting from here
        setup()
        try:
            loop()
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            destroy()

**Code Explanation**

.. code-block:: python

    def stateChange():
        global gameState
        global counter
        global timer1
        if gameState == 0:
            counter = 0
            time.sleep(1)
            timer() 
        elif gameState ==1:
            timer1.cancel()
            time.sleep(1)
        gameState = (gameState+1)%2

The game is divided into two modes:

``gameState==0`` is the "start" mode, in which the time is timed and
displayed on the segment display, and the tilting switch is shaken to
enter the "show" mode.

``gameState==1`` is the "show" mode, which stops the timing and displays the
time on the segment display. Shaking the tilt switch again will reset
the timer and restart the game.

.. code-block:: python

    def loop():
        global counter
        currentState = 0
        lastState = 0
        while True:
            display()
            currentState=GPIO.input(sensorPin)
            if (currentState == 0) and (lastState == 1):
                stateChange()
            lastState=currentState

``loop()`` is the main function. First, the time is displayed on the 4-bit
segment display and the value of the tilt switch is read. If the state
of the tilt switch has changed, ``stateChange()`` is called.

.. code-block:: python

    def timer():  
        global counter
        global timer1
        timer1 = threading.Timer(0.01, timer) 
        timer1.start()  
        counter += 1

After the interval reaches 0.01s, the timer function is called; add 1 to
counter, and the timer is used again to execute itself repeatedly every
0.01s.

Phenomenon Picture
-----------------------

.. image:: ../img/image278.jpeg
   :align: center